Construction of ISS, the biggest structure ever placed in space, was done 1998-2011 by multiple nations. Eighteen different countries have had someone on board, with duties lasting up to a year at a time.
A primary goal of duty on the ISS is long-term research into human health in a space environment. Microgravity produces change in human muscles, bones, cardiovascular systems, and eyes. Astronauts report that their vision changes permanently, and so far they don't know why.
Crews also repair the structure when necessary, sometimes involving a spacewalk. The longest lasted over 8 hours.
Living space for the astronauts amounts to about the size of a 5-bedroom house. Modules of laboratories are connected, with exterior trusses providing structure, all powered by solar panels.
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